From waste to energy (WtE) plant fly-ash to metals, chemicals, and cement; A zero-waste process

Disposing of fly ash from Waste to Energy plants is standard practice today. However, there are concerns associated with this option. First are the contamination impurities such as chlorites, sulphates and heavy metals can impose on the environment. Second, the cost of ash landfills is increasing all over Europe.

The current research aims to develop industrial separation processes to valorise fly ashes from waste incineration. A viable alternative is using fly ash as an additive to cement clinker. For the current process, hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical steps are proposed. The fly ash sample was initially treated in a water leaching step and smelted to produce a slag. The slag is potentially suitable for cement replacement.

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